Pajang Kingdom is a
kingdom based in Central Java as a continuation of the Demak Kingdom. The
palace complex, which now only has boundaries, is located on the border of
Pajang Village, Solo City and Makam Hajj Village, Karatsura, Sukoharjo.
The name Pajang has been
known since the days of the Majapahit Kingdom. According to Nagarakretagama
written in 1365, that at that time the younger sister Hayam Wuruk (king of
Majapahit at that time) real name Dyah Nertaja served as the ruler of Pajang,
titled Bhatara i Pajang, or abbreviated as Bhre Pajang. Dyah Nertaja is the
mother of Wikramawardhana (the next Majapahit king).
Between the 11th century
and the 14th century there were no kingdoms in South Central Java, but
Majapahit still ruled until there. Meanwhile, in Demak began to emerge a small
Kingdom founded by Muslim religious figures. However, until the beginning of
the 16th century the authority of the Majapahit king was still recognized.
The development of Islam in Java was one of which was pioneered by the first Islamic empire in Java, the Sultanate of Demak. After Demak collapsed, the kingdom of Demak was replaced by the Pajang kingdom. The Pajang Kingdom was founded by Jaka Tingkir who succeeded in getting rid of his rival and then moved the center of the Demak kingdom to the Pajang area. Geographically, the kingdom of Pajang is located in the countryside. This kingdom did not last long, it was caused by several factors, both internal and external factors. But even so, this kingdom will also produce significant advances in the development of Islam around its territory. If viewed from the period of its existence, this kingdom was squeezed by two large Islamic empires whose location was not so far apart, namely the final period of the Demak kingdom and also the beginning of the Islamic Mataram kingdom. Departing from this, it is important for us to discuss further matters relating to this kingdom.
The History of the Kingdom of Pajang (1568-1587)
EARLY STANDING KINGDOM OF PAJANG
The establishment of the Pajang kingdom at the end of the XVI century AD, is a sign of the end of the Islamic empire centered on the north coast of Java which then shifted into the interior with an agrarian style. When talking about the Pajang kingdom, it is closely related to the collapse of the Demak kingdom. At the end of the kingdom of Demak, there was a battle between Arya Penangsang and Joko Tingkir (Sultan Trenggono's son-in-law). The battle took place in 1546 AD, when the sultan of Demak had died. The battle was later won by Jaka Tingkir. when there was a conflict between Aria Penangsang and Joko Tingkir (Hadiwijaya), actually Sunan Kudus did not agree with Hadiwijaya. However, this failed when Jaka Tingkir succeeded in moving the center of the kingdom of Demak to the Pajang area. Ratification of Joko Tingkir or commonly referred to as Hadiwijaya to be the first sultan of this kingdom was carried out by Sunan Giri.
Before officially establishing this kingdom, Jaka Tingkir who came from the Pengging area, had held a position as a ruler in the Pajang area during Sultan Trenggono. This kingdom is also considered as a successor and heir to the kingdom of Demak. Pajang Kingdom is located in the Kertasura area and is the first Islamic kingdom located in the interior of the island of Java. The Pajang Kingdom did not last long, because it later met a large Islamic empire which was also located in Central Java, the Mataram kingdom. At the beginning of its establishment, Pajang's territory only covered Central Java. That was because after the death of Sultan Trenggono, many areas of East Java escaped. But in 1568 AD, Sultan Hadiwijaya and the Duke of East Java were met at Giri Kedaton by Sunan Prapen. On this occasion, the dukes agreed to recognize Pajang's sovereignty over the countries of East Java, then the Pajang kingdom was legally established. Furthermore, the Pajang kingdom began t
The transfer of the Islamic empire from Demak to Pajang was the victory of Kejawen Islam over orthodox Islam. After coming to power for some time, the kingdom finally reached its heyday at the time of their first king, Sultan Hadiwijaya. But in its development, the kingdom then experienced a period of disintegration after the sultan Hadiwijaya died in 1582 AD.
